Why is proper drainage important in landscape design?

Proper drainage is crucial in landscape design primarily because it prevents water accumulation, which can lead to root rot. When water accumulates in the soil around plant roots, it creates a saturated environment that deprives the roots of oxygen. This lack of aeration can lead to the breakdown of root tissues, making plants susceptible to diseases such as root rot caused by various pathogens that thrive in overly wet conditions. Ensuring effective drainage helps to maintain a healthy balance of moisture in the soil, allowing plant roots to access the air and nutrients they need to thrive. This is essential for the overall health of the landscape, influencing not only the survival of individual plants but also the stability and aesthetic appeal of the landscape as a whole.

While enhancing aesthetic value, promoting soil aeration, and supporting aquatic plant growth are also important in landscape design, they are not as directly related to the critical aspect of preventing root rot, which is a fundamental concern in maintaining plant health.