Which process involves applying chemicals or grasses to eliminate pests such as insects and fungi?

The process that involves applying chemicals or specific grasses to eliminate pests such as insects and fungi is known as fumigation. This technique is highly effective in controlling pests by introducing gases or vapors that are toxic to the unwanted organisms. Fumigation is commonly used in agricultural settings, as well as in stored products and structures, to ensure a thorough treatment that targets pests throughout all life stages.

In contrast, germination refers to the process wherein seeds develop into new plants, which does not involve pest control. Girdling, which is the removal of a strip of bark around a tree, can affect the health of the plant and possibly control growth, but it is not intended for pest elimination. Ground cover is related to the practice of planting low-growing plants to cover soil, providing aesthetic benefits and minimizing erosion, but it does not involve the use of chemicals to control pests. These distinctions help clarify why fumigation is the correct process for the elimination of pests as described in the question.