Which of the following is a macronutrient required for plant growth?

Potassium is classified as a macronutrient essential for plant growth and development. It plays a critical role in several key physiological processes, such as regulating water uptake, activating enzyme systems, and facilitating photosynthesis. Potassium is vital for the synthesis of proteins and enzymes, and it helps in the development of strong stems and roots, which contribute to overall plant vigor.

In contrast, the other elements listed—iron, copper, and zinc—are classified as micronutrients. Although they are necessary for plant health, they are required in much smaller quantities compared to macronutrients. Iron is crucial for chlorophyll synthesis and energy transfer, copper plays a role in photosynthesis and respiration, and zinc is important for growth regulation and enzyme activity. Each of these micronutrients supports specific functions but does not provide the same broad structural and systemic benefits that potassium does as a macronutrient.