How can chemical runoff be minimized in landscaping practices?

Using integrated pest management (IPM) strategies is an effective way to minimize chemical runoff in landscaping practices because IPM focuses on sustainable and environmentally friendly pest control methods. This holistic approach combines various management practices, including biological control, habitat manipulation, and the use of resistant plant varieties, thereby reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides.

By implementing IPM, landscape contractors can significantly reduce the amount of chemicals that may escape into waterways during rainfall or irrigation, as these strategies prioritize prevention and use chemicals only when absolutely necessary and in a targeted manner. This not only protects the environment but also promotes the health of the local ecosystem.

The other choices highlight practices that could lead to increased chemical use or ineffective management, contradicting the goal of minimizing runoff. For example, increasing fertilizer usage can lead to nutrient runoff, while applying pesticides during heavy rain can wash chemicals away before they can take effect, increasing their presence in water bodies. Avoiding soil testing removes an essential step in understanding nutrient and pH levels needed for proper landscape management, increasing the likelihood of over-application of fertilizers or pesticides.