What role do nematodes play in the soil ecosystem?

Nematodes play a diverse and significant role in the soil ecosystem, and their ability to be both beneficial and harmful is a key reason why this answer is correct.

Some nematodes are beneficial because they help regulate soil health and plant growth. For instance, certain species are predatory, feeding on plant-pathogenic microbes or pests, thereby controlling populations that could damage plants. Others contribute to nutrient cycling by breaking down organic matter, which ultimately enhances soil fertility.

Conversely, there are also nematodes that act as parasites, feeding on plant roots and potentially leading to diseases that can hinder plant growth and productivity. These harmful interactions may cause significant economic losses in agricultural settings.

This dual role is critical in understanding the complex dynamics of soil ecosystems, as it highlights the importance of nematodes in both supporting plant health and the potential threats they can pose. The intricate balance they maintain between beneficial and harmful effects is vital for healthy soils and can vary depending on environmental conditions and plant interactions.